The relevance of the topic stems from the need to search for new conceptualizations of children's subjectivity within the tradition of the new sociology of childhood. The purpose of the theoretical study is to designate a new labor approach to defining children's subjectivity. Within the framework of the designated goal, the following theoretical tasks were realized: the limitations of the existing approaches to children's subjectivity (philosophical, political, legal) were demonstrated; the history of the transformation of the relationship between children and labor was outlined; the social nature of the volume of children's participation in labor was demonstrated; the author's conceptualization of the relationship between labor and subjectivity of children was proposed; the prospects for empirical validation of the concept were outlined. The scientific and practical significance of the work can be deduced from the existing topical request of sociologists of the new sociology of childhood in the search for non-trivial ways of conceptualizing subjectivity, as well as in the conformity of the language of description with current social trends and phenomena (the spread of child employment, changes in legislation). Scientific novelty lies in the new author's view on the problem of children's subjectivity in the context of the existential theory of alienation of labor. resources.