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Analysis of the Dynamics and Structure of Public Debt (a Case Study of the Republic of Karelia)

https://doi.org/10.24412/1998-5533-2026-2-53-57

Abstract

This article examines the key determinants of public debt formation at the regional level in the Russian Federation, using the Republic of Karelia as a case study over the period 2015–2025. The relevance of the study is driven by the growing budgetary imbalances amid macroeconomic instability and external economic constraints. The aim of the research is to identify the main factors influencing debt dynamics and to assess the region’s fiscal sustainability. The methodological framework includes correlation and regression analysis, evaluation of debt sustainability indicators in accordance with budget legislation criteria, and structural-dynamic analysis of budgetary flows. The findings indicate that debt dynamics are predominantly structural in nature and are largely driven by the growth of current expenditures, while gross regional product and intergovernmental transfers do not exert a statistically significant impact. A shift in debt policy toward the predominance of budget loans has been identified. The study concludes that a new debt cycle is emerging, generated by institutional constraints within the budget system. Measures are proposed to enhance debt sustainability through optimizing the revenue base, restructuring expenditure commitments, and implementing scenario-based modeling.

 

About the Author

T. G. Kadnikova
Petrozavodsk State University
Russian Federation

Tatiana Gennadievna Kadnikova

Petrozavodsk



References

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Review

For citations:


Kadnikova T.G. Analysis of the Dynamics and Structure of Public Debt (a Case Study of the Republic of Karelia). The Review of Economy, the Law and Sociology. 2026;(2):53-57. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.24412/1998-5533-2026-2-53-57

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ISSN 1998-5533 (Print)