The Role of the State, its Bodies and Institutions in the Legal Regulation of Medical Relations

The relevance of the study is determined by the increasing social and legal significance of medical activity and the need to ensure the sustainable functioning of the healthcare system amid the growing complexity of public administration and enhanced state supervision. Medical legal relations affect fundamental constitutional values such as human life and health, which objectively necessitates active state involvement and the predominance of public-law principles in their regulation.

The purpose of the article is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the role of the state, its bodies, and institutions in the system of legal regulation of medical legal relations. To achieve this purpose, the study addresses the public-law nature of medical activity, identifies the main forms and directions of state influence on healthcare, and examines the significance of supervisory and financial-legal mechanisms in protecting public health.

The scientific significance of the research lies in the systematization and doctrinal clarification of the role of the state within the regulatory mechanism of medical legal relations and in substantiating the leading role of public law in this field. The practical significance of the study consists in the applicability of its conclusions to the improvement of healthcare legislation and to the activities of public authorities and state medical institutions.

The research demonstrates that the state in the healthcare sector simultaneously performs regulatory, organizational, supervisory, and financial-support functions aimed at realizing the public interest in protecting population health. It is concluded that imperative legal regulation and an effective system of state control are essential conditions for ensuring the accessibility, quality, and safety of medical care.

The scientific novelty of the study is as follows: 1) The author's classification of forms of state participation in the regulation of medical legal relations is proposed, including regulatory, organizational, institutional, supervisory, and financial support forms of state influence. 2) A legislative contradiction in the mechanism for ensuring accessibility of medical care has been identified and substantiated: the absence in Article 10 of Federal Law No. 323-FZ of a direct reference to control and supervision as measures to ensure accessibility, which required the development of proposals to supplement this article with an appropriate provision.

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