The article raises one of the most pressing problems – the quality of school education in modern Russia. Based on the analysis of statistical data, the authors analyze the reasons for the discrepancy between supply and demand in the teachers' labor market. With the help of the concept of price elasticity of demand, the article calculates the optimal salary of school teachers today.

The relevance of the research is due to the fact that there is a lack of scientific knowledge in defining and substantiating the innovative development of the region's economy. Currently, firms are developing, for the most part, focusing on their own strengths, while the approaches to creating know-how for firms related in specializations remain the same, so the issue of managing the innovative development of the regional economy remains important. At the same time, an equally significant issue is the development of scientific and practical recommendations for the formation of a method for managing the innovative development of the region's economy. The purpose of this research is to identify the prerequisites for the formation of a method for managing the innovative development of the regional economy. The leading approach to the research is a comprehensive one, and the method is expert and mathematical, allowing to give the most complete description of the current state of innovative development. As a result of the analysis, it was concluded that the uniformity of processes at different stages of the innovation process indicates the possibility of reducing costs by combining common tasks.

The objectives of this article are to study the impact of crises in a market economy on the level of criminal and near-criminal behavior. The causes and conditions contributing to the growth of acts of antisocial behavior caused by the consequences of economic crises are considered. On the example of the "Great Depression" and the Russian economic crisis of the nineties of the last century, the quantitative and qualitative changes in American and Russian crime are analyzed.

The article discusses the main provisions of the theories of social justice and social policy, which allow to justify the implementation of the concept of transformative investments that have a pronounced social character. The relevance of transformative investments is determined by their role in overcoming pressing social problems that are growing in conditions of increasing differentiation and instability of ongoing socio-economic processes.

The value of human capital in the modern economics is determined by several drivers providing the positive growth of the economic system in general. The development issues of the manufacturing sector in economics under the conditions of emerging technological order require analysis of the elements and institutions of the national economy contributing to or preventing formation and effective growth of a new type of economic system. Human capital is an essential condition of the formation and realization of effective innovative and investment solutions that determine the priorities and directions of industrial development.

Today, the system of international economic and political relations is going through a difficult stage. In fact, there is a decomposition of the model of the world order that took shape after the Second World War, which consists in the transition to a multipolar world, when none of the countries can dictate their "rules of the game" to others. The new actors of the world economy, and above all China, are officially declaring and resolutely demonstrating to the whole world that their interests must be taken into account and they should be reckoned with. But along with the countries – leaders in world development, there remains a significant group of peripheral states and territories that are objects of economic expansion. Almost all countries of the African continent belong to their number. For control over them already there is a sharp rivalry between the USA, China and the countries of Europe. Russia is also trying to define its zone of interests in Africa. In this regard, the experience of the USSR in building a model of economic interaction with the countries of the African continent is extremely interesting. Within the framework of this article, the task is set to identify the main trends in the economic cooperation of the Soviet Union with the states of Africa.

The article analysis of the factors of influence of external and internal environment on the stability of the company and risk management, threats of doing business are classified by type and content, recommendations for the implementation of measures to prevent or completely eliminate their occurrence are developed.

The article analyzes the data of a semi-structured interview with experts in the field of entrepreneurship studies, as well as current entrepreneurs representing the scientific and business communities of the Republics of Tatarstan and Mari El. It is concluded that Max Weber's concept of the decisive role of formally rational Protestant ethics in the system of factors and conditions of formal rationalization of entrepreneurship is insufficiently understood.

The justification of the utopian development of mankind in line with the economic doctrine of the functioning of corporations determined the search for creative concepts that ensure the formation of new business models. The practical analysis and forecast of the options for the development of events on Earth has led the scientific and global business community to the only feasible option - the development of a concept based on the principles of coevolution, which determine the sustainability of society's development in the long term. In this regard, the article is devoted to the disclosure of the history of formation, basic components and models of the modern concept of sustainable development.

The article discusses profit planning as an important stage in the management strategy and long-term development of the organization. Planning is focused on the following indicators: production volume, price and costs.

The authors found that the effectiveness of profit planning may depend on the choice of planning method. Methods are considered: direct counting method, extrapolation method, analytical method, combined planning method, normative method.

The paper identifies the root causes of the sanctions war of the collective West against Russia and the motives for starting ITS OWN. The author analyzes the effectiveness of the anti-sanctions response measures of the Government of the Russian Federation and justifies the need to adjust socio-economic policy in the context of changing geopolitical and geo-economic situations, defines the main directions of transformation of the economic system and identifies reserves for the transition of the national economy to the stage of growth.

Human capital as a key asset is the main factor in the development of a competitive region, and the accumulation of human capital is a priority for the strategic development of regions. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the dynamic trend of its development precisely from the point of view of its reduction and decrease in value. This article is devoted to the issue of reducing human capital, namely, such a process as inflation of human capital, which is considered both from a theoretical position and from a practical one using the example of the regions of the Russian Federation. Scientific and theoretical studies by foreign authors are analyzed, focusing on the relationship between inflation and human capital. The categorical apparatus of "human capital inflation» is given and substantiated. The main causes of human capital inflation are identified. To conduct an analysis to study the dynamic assessment of human capital inflation, the statistical data of Rosstat were used, on the basis of which the human development index (HDI) was calculated. The calculations and analysis carried out made it possible to identify the consequences of human capital inflation and propose a set of measures to prevent this process.

The purpose of the article is to analyze the levels of management in the Russian legal profession as a special professional group. The research is based on a system analysis and an interdisciplinary approach. The theoretical research is based on the conceptual works of Russian and foreign authors devoted to the study of advocacy and management. Proved that the Russian bar has multilevel management. The results of an empirical study are presented. The results obtained in the study allow us to supplement the sociology of management in the aspect of management levels in the legal profession.

When considering foreign experience in resolving practical problems arising from the consideration of disputes over contract, a number of features are revealed. In this article, using the comparative legal method, the approaches of the legislator to the legal regulation of the considered institution of responsibility for construction, works contract in the Romano-Germanic, Anglo-Saxon, Muslim legal systems were studied.

The article reveals the concept of justice in the criminal law of the Russian Federation, characterizes its structural elements and forms of expression in reality, showing the direct connection of this fundamental principle with other principles of criminal law. The author gives recommendations on improving the definition of this principle and the forms of its expression in the norms of criminal law, as well as on the systematization of norms providing for criminal liability and punishment for crimes, taking into account the principle of criminal law under consideration. Some controversial issues in the theory of criminal law are touched upon and opinions on them are substantiated.

The purpose of this article is to study the concept of electronic services. A broad and narrow approaches to understanding the provision of services in electronic form are proposed. The concept of an electronic service, its qualifying features, and the distinction between an electronic service and some related categories are given.

The article analyzes aspects of international energy law; reveals the concept of "international energy law", which is defined as a system of principles and norms governing relations between states in the field of energy, namely the relations that develop in the process of regulatory, investment and economic activities of subjects of public law related to production, transportation, mining, exploration, storage, processing, trade, distribution and consumption of energy resources; the object, subject, method of legal regulation of international relations are listed; the subjects, sources and principles of international energy law are indicated; the importance of energy issues in the international arena is emphasized; the circumstances that led to the emergence of international energy law are named; The article describes the Energy Charter, which is a political declaration of intent to promote cooperation in the field of energy between the West and the East, and the Energy Charter Treaty, an agreement concerning cooperation between governments in the energy sector and covering the energy supply chain, energy products and energy-related equipment, as fundamental documents in the field of international energy law; The relevance of the issues of organizational interaction of states to ensure energy security is discussed; the influence of international energy law on the development of energy law in Nigeria is investigated.

The article is devoted to the civil law regulation of commercial relations in the field of intellectual property of the Russian Federation, the types and structure of commercial transactions in this area, the main commercial organizational and economic relations of the copyright holders of the results of intellectual property, the article is also devoted to the subject of commercial transactions, subjects, types of exclusive and non-exclusive agreements on exclusive rights to the results of intellectual activity.

The article provides an overview of the features of the legal protection of the activities of foreign investors in India. In the process of studying the legislation on foreign investment and international legal obligations of India, the main characteristics and distinctive features of investment regulation are revealed, and the possibilities of potential reception of legal techniques within the framework of Russian legislation are also noted.

The article examines the traditional and recent social, political and other problems that have a significant impact on the promotion and sale of tourist products. Methods for tourism service promotion and implementation of travel services in the context of a pandemic and sanctions are described. The necessity of searching for new ways of development of the tourism industry required under the influence of abrupt changes in Russian society is substantiated.

Based on the example of the Republic of Tatarstan, the reorientation of tourism to domestic inbound tourism is a necessary measure to maintain and further develop tourism in the regions. The necessity of the participation of the authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in creating conditions for the development of tourist macro-territories is highlighted. The authors consider such tourism not only a way to fill lost niches in the tourism industry, but also an opportunity for the development of the regions of our country, increasing their investment attractiveness and improving conditions for investment in the tourism business. The possibilities of discounts and cashbacks in tourism are considered.

The article presents the results of applied sociological research conducted in the Tver region. The main advantages of using Internet communications between the population and the authorities are revealed: saving time and convenience, accessibility of any authority, the possibility of feedback, quick response to a problem. And also disadvantages: a low degree of accessibility of electronic communication for the elderly population and poor accessibility for the rural population, the spread of spam. It is revealed that the majority of the population considers it necessary to introduce censorship in Internet communications of government structures and society. The respondents believe in the prospects of rapprochement between the population and the authorities through Internet communications.

Currently, there is an active interaction of the media sphere with the sphere of religion. This article defines the functional specificity of religious media texts in Tatar-language newspapers of the Republic of Tatarstan. The purpose of the article is a preliminary generalization of the materials and clarification of the following problem – how actively religious topics are covered in mass communication texts. As a result of the study, the authors come to the conclusion that the primary task of religious publications in the media is to educate their audience as a worthy member of society, they promote a highly moral lifestyle, instill respect for traditional spiritual and cultural values.

The purpose of our work was to determine the characteristics of the activity of student youth on the example of the implementation of media projects by Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University students in social networks. To achieve this goal, the identification of student media projects of the Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University in the social network "VKontakte" was carried out, the media activity of students in this network was monitored, content analysis of publications was carried out, and the authors of this study organized new student media projects to study the social and media activity of students. The work reveals thematic features, advantages, disadvantages and trends in the development of student media projects.

The paper focuses on the need to strengthen the system of domestic information warfare (IP), substantiates proposals for improving the socio-cultural system of IP in conditions of uncertainty, summarizes the theoretical foundations of this phenomenon, examines the domestic regulatory framework governing IP, reveals the forces, means of IP USA, identifies the reasons that complicate the work of the Russian socio-cultural mechanism of IP, presents indicators evaluation of the effectiveness of the IP system.

The article considers the problem of population decline in the country through the prism of the formation of reproductive capital. The factors that influence the reproductive capital of the population, which in turn leads to a decrease in fertility rates, have been studied in detail. Based on the analysis of the results of the sociological survey, the author's definition of reproductive capital was given and it was revealed that health-saving practices of the population are an important determinant of achieving the indicators of the National Project “Demography”.

The article analyzes various grounds for explaining the essence of social capital in the context of professional activity: at the level of the individual and at the level of the organization. As a result, three aspects to the study of social capital in the process of professional mobility of young people were identified: social and communicative, informational, value. Significant characteristics and features of social capital in professional mobility are considered. The presented ideas are illustrated by the data of sociological research.

The article describes the main trends in the development of marriage and family practices in the West and East. The role of love in marriage and marriage in the emergence of love between spouses is shown.

The synergistic theme was updated at the beginning of the 5th century AD. Gradually, the significance of the phenomenon of synergy became obvious to society and it became the object of scientific study. At the same time, science has not formed a unified understanding of such defining concepts in this area as "synergy" and "synergy" and terms derived from them. Accordingly, science is faced with the task of giving scientifically based definitions to key concepts of synergistic topics.

Synergy as a phenomenon of society is widely used in various areas of public practice. Accordingly, various sciences are engaged in its study and many aspects of the phenomenon of synergy in society have become the property of modern knowledge. However, the description of the universal mechanism of "production" of synergy in society has not yet become the subject of study. This work is done in this study.

Various aspects of the participation of non-profit youth organizations in the modern social life of Russian society are considered. The issues of formation and development of social elevators in ensuring social mobility of young people and the possibility of access to these tools in the Russian Federation are studied. The discussion of individual and collective social mobility in the context of youth NGOs is presented. The conclusions formulated in the paper allow an evaluation of the activities of youth nonprofit organizations as a manner for a person to change his social status in the hierarchical structure of society.

Human capital is declared to be one of the key strategic goals of the social and economic development of Tatarstan. The basic component of human capital is education, which largely influences the formation and growth of the region's human capital. Based on the content analysis of strategic regional documents and the content of the expert survey, the most pressing problems of the educational system of Tatarstan in the context of human capital development were identified.

The article presents the results of the author's sociological research, which show the personal experience of informal employment of young people as a socio-professional group. The dominance of the six-month period of informal employment and the absence of a mutual desire to formalize labor relations both on the part of the employer and on the part of young people are revealed. It is determined that the leading reasons for the spread of informal employment among young people are the desire to combine study and work and the desire to gain work experience close to the profession for the purpose of further employment. It has been established that an inconvenient work schedule and low wages are the main reasons for refusing to work with official registration.

This article describes the results of a specific sociological study conducted by the author in order to analyze the features of interaction, behavior strategies, specifics of social activity of students in the course of educational activities that affect the formation of the foundations of social and labor relations in the pre-labor period (on the basis of Astrakhan State Technical University). As a result, conclusions are drawn about possible corrective measures of the university for the formation of social and labor relations in the pre-labor period, the actual and promising roles of the university in the above process are highlighted.

The peculiarities of the perception of the feminist communication agenda in the youth environment are revealed. The forms of presentation of "women's" themes through brand marketing strategies are clarified and the essence of "femvertising" is determined. The results of a study aimed at identifying the reactions of modern young Russians to feminist elements of advertising are presented. The conclusions formed in the work show the importance of the feminist agenda among the young population as an important factor in the formation of tolerance.

The article presents the empirical study results of electronic political communication features of the major parties leaders in the Russian Federation in the Telegram. It is analyzed how the information, manipulative and expressive functions of political communication are manifested in the text of the posts, and the connection between the vocabulary and themes of the political course in the party program and in the messages of the party leaders on the official page in Telegram is demonstrated.

The article analyzes the results of the introduction of distance learning on the platforms of higher educational institutions, highlights the advantages and disadvantages of distance learning format. The problems faced by students in the learning process are revealed. The organization of the educational process with the help of distance learning technologies is considered, a comparative analysis of the use of various devices in distance learning is carried out.

The article continues the analysis and interpretation of the results of sociological observation, carried out in the form of timing of a weekday resident of Kazan. In this article, the subject of analysis was data on the time devoted to various activities during the weekday by representatives of the age groups 18-35 years old, 36-60 years old and over 60 years old. Calculated and presented are such indicators of the structure of observational data by age categories as the mean and median; a comparative analysis of data by age was carried out. The ratio of the shares of different activities during the weekday is close for different ages. Significant differences were found between representatives of young and middle age in the amount of time devoted to domestic self-service and in the amount of free time. Physical activity, measured in the amount of time during a weekday, is presented differently in age categories: young people on average – 0.54 hours, representatives of the middle age category – 0.19 hours, older people – 0.57 hours.

The article considers this type of chat, which the author defines as corporate. Using his example, approaches to the study of this kind of public platform are characterized. The study is hampered by the unsystematic, unpredictable nature of the object.

Excursion activities for foreign students play very important functions: cognitive tasks, tasks of socialization and cultural adaptation in new conditions are realized in excursions. The excursion route through the Merchant Quarter creates conditions for students to learn about the surrounding space, geoinformation orientation, as well as study the history, culture of the Urals, the peculiarities of the Russian language and ways of word formation. In addition, the excursion as an extracurricular event promotes informal communication and cohesion of a group of foreign students.