The main research problem posed in the article is the possibility of overcoming qualitative inequality, which we objectively observe in the management of tax revenues of small and large territorial entities. The purpose of the article was to identify opportunities for improving tax management in urban settlements (using the example of Nizhneudinsk, Irkutsk region).

In the course of solving research problems, the peculiarities of the influence of various factors on the formation of the tax component of an urban settlement have been studied, and the problems of providing the revenue side of local budgets with tax revenues have been identified.

Local budgets are a fund of funds that perform important economic and social functions in the sphere of life support for people living in a particular locality. The authors show that the forms of budget replenishment are the same for all territorial entities, but this uniformity is ambiguous. Only a small part of the tax revenues of urban settlements remain in local budgets, while conditional equality is achieved through federal and regional transfers.

In this context, the combination of independence and integrity of local authorities in determining the tax base is assessed as the optimal prospect for increasing tax revenues at the municipal level and strengthening their impact on the local economy. Measures are proposed to possibly increase the tax revenues of local budgets and overcome inequality in the management of tax revenues of small and large territorial entities.

Technological sovereignty is a strategic priority, as it serves as the basis for ensuring economic security and technological independence of the state in the context of continuous global international challenges. The purpose of the scientific research is to identify and substantiate effective institutional mechanisms that contribute to the achievement of technological sovereignty of the Russian Federation. The study analyzed approaches to the concept of technological sovereignty, identified and described key barriers to the country's technological development, as well as key institutional mechanisms to support the innovative development trajectory. The scientific significance of the work lies in the development and proposal of a set of institutional methods aimed at achieving technological independence of the country by increasing the effectiveness of the implementation of state innovation policy.

The relevance of the topic is due to the explosive intensification of the process of digitalization of the global economy and the associated large-scale transformation of the economic environment towards the mass use of digital information and communication technologies. The purpose of the work is to form a methodological basis and determine the algorithm of practical actions for the digitalization of the enterprise.

Based on the results of retrospective and functional analyses, the author identifies the causes of global digitalization and proves the relevance and inevitability of this process for enterprises. Using elements of factorial and comparative analyses, the paper identifies the object, stages, goals and actors of the enterprise's digitalization process and its main directions, as well as identifies potential risks. Applying situational analysis and an evidence-based approach, the researcher substantiates the inevitability of abandoning the analog format and the expediency of switching to a digital business format, as well as the need to constantly strengthen the digital potential and increase the digital maturity of the enterprise.

The scientific novelty of the work is to clarify the concept of "enterprise digitalization" and substantiate the continuous nature of the process during the organization's life cycle.

The disclosure of the topic will form the basis for continuing scientific research in the field of digitalization of financial and economic activities of economic entities and become a methodological basis for developing digitalization strategies for specific enterprises.

Currently, the conceptual basis for the modernization of strategic planning processes in the Russian Federation is sustainable development. Sustainable development is reflected in the triadic accounting and balance of ESG factors: environmental, social, and governance. The aim of this research is to improve the methodological support of the system for strategic planning of socio-economic development at the municipal level. Within the scope of this objective, various methods and approaches to the integration of ESG factors into the strategic planning system of the Russian Federation have been studied. Despite existing progress in this thematic area, strategic planning in the largest municipal sector remains methodologically underdeveloped. This paper proposes a methodology for the comprehensive assessment of ESG factor integration in strategic planning documents for the socio-economic development of municipal entities. This approach synthesizes the principles of sustainable development with traditional methods and tools of strategic planning. The practical significance of the study lies in the potential application of the methodology and its individual elements at any stage of strategic planning. The results of the methodology’s testing are presented based on the research conducted to amend and update the Strategy for Socio-Economic Development of the Samara Urban District until 2025. A content analysis of the current strategic planning documents of the municipal entity showed an insufficient degree of balance and completeness in reflecting the environmental, economic, social, and governance components of sustainability in the priority areas of socio-economic development. The research findings on the proposed assessment parameters may contribute to the improvement of the strategic planning system at the municipal level in the future.

The security issues of the country's economy are multifaceted and diverse, where ensuring food security is one of the factors of its independence. In the structure of the Russian economy in the food industry, one of the key is the production of bread, the safety of which must be ensured. The purpose of this article is to analyze the essence and features of ensuring the economic safety of the bakery industry, including highlighting the specifics that must be taken into account when assessing it. The object of the study is the economic security of the bakery industry, which was assessed using the example of the largest and most famous enterprise in the Sverdlovsk region, JSC SMAK. Research objectives: 1) to summarize the concepts and determine the main components of the economic safety of the functioning of enterprises; 2) identify industry specifics and characteristic features of the bakery industry; 3) group problems and offer recommendations on risk identification and management using the example of SMAK JSC. The tasks solved in this study are of practical importance for managing the activities of a bakery industry enterprise. In this aspect, the practical value of the research results is the adoption of managerial decisions taking into account possible risks in the medium term, which will significantly reduce costs. The specification of specific problems and their consideration in assessing the economic security of enterprises in the bakery industry is a scientific novelty of the study.

The article considers the issues of forming modern types of support for assessing the effectiveness of national projects. The purpose of the article is to identify the types of support for assessing the effectiveness of national projects and to develop a matrix of indicators for their assessment. It has been established that the process of assessing the effectiveness of using budget funds for implementing national projects is based on a combination of regulatory, information, financial, organizational, personnel, control, methodological and technological support. The results of the study made it possible to develop a matrix of indicators of types of support for assessing the effectiveness of national projects, including general and target groups of indicators in the context of 4 orders for each of the identified types of support. The results of the study can be useful for executive authorities, control and accounting bodies, and faculty when forming a methodology for assessing the effectiveness of a national project.

Amid the intensification of structural inequality and the declining effectiveness of traditional social policy instruments, the rethinking of non-fiscal redistribution mechanisms is acquiring increasing relevance. In this context, the ESG concept – originally embedded in the framework of corporate responsibility – reveals its potential as an institutional lever of social inclusion. The urgency of the topic stems from the need to critically analyze ESG not as a reporting standard, but as a complex interdisciplinary instrument for transforming socio-economic relations. The aim of this article is to identify the mechanisms through which the ESG framework influences the redistribution of resources, reshapes inclusion models, and mitigates institutionalized inequality. The research objectives include: deconstructing the normative logic of ESG; interpreting its social dimension as a channel for integrating marginalized groups; analyzing investment architecture through the lens of redistributive effects; and uncovering the social transformations associated with ESG-driven practices. The scholarly contribution of this study lies in the development of an economic-sociological perspective on ESG as an autonomous regulator of social inclusion. Its practical relevance is linked to the possibility of redirecting corporate and investment strategies toward sustainable, socially embedded forms of development that go beyond moral imperatives. The analysis demonstrates that ESG can operate as a horizontal redistribution tool, fostering investment in sectors that promote inclusive growth and reshaping the normative architecture of corporate behavior. The article substantiates the capacity of ESG metrics to influence the architecture of social mobility by acting as an institutional pressure mechanism on business models. The study’s novelty lies in its interpretation of ESG as a form of social action – not reducible to ethical standards – but capable of structuring the social landscape through economic instruments.

This article continues the study of transformation processes in the industrial sector of the economy, previously cited by the authors according to a number of criteria. This work focuses on the investment aspect of structural changes in various investment indicators in the context of the main types of activity of the industrial sector of the region.

The purpose of the study is to identify the changes that have occurred in the structure of several investment indicators reflecting the industry of the region by type of economic activity. The time period of the study covers the period 2010-2023.

The scientific and practical significance of the work lies in the fact that the calculations carried out, taking into account the results of previous studies by the authors, made it possible to identify the trends occurring in the industry of the studied region and its role in the context of its resource provision.

Results of the study: the analysis made it possible to substantiate the structural industry changes that have occurred in the industry of the Sverdlovsk region, taking into account the investment policy pursued in the region, to substantiate the most "capital-intensive" industries and their changing dynamics over the period under review.

Based on the results of the article, it was concluded that investments in the region's industry are at a high level, but there is a gradual transformation in the industrial sector of the Sverdlovsk region, reflecting, in general, the ongoing large-scale changes in the Russian economy as a whole.

The need to study the problem of forming an economically justified level of labor costs when calculating tariffs for thermal energy and coolant, in view of their frequent underestimation by regional regulators, determines the relevance of the research topic. In this regard, the purpose of the study is to develop methodological guidelines in the field of heat supply, in terms of calculating labor costs to minimize threats to the economic security of enterprises. To achieve this goal, theoretical approaches of various scientists on the formation of labor costs were studied, judicial practice was studied, and the author's own experience of forensic economic examinations was used. The scientific novelty of the work consists in identifying threats to economic security when forming tariffs for natural monopolies, as well as identifying indicators (indicators), the change of which will signal the onset of the established threats. The conducted improvement of methodological guidelines in the field of heat supply determines the practical significance of the work. The results of the study show methodological approaches to calculating labor costs, taking into account the specifics of the application of the Industry Tariff Agreement in the Housing and Utilities Sector, accounting accounts, determining the number of personnel, and the tariff coefficient. Taking into account the proposed approaches will help achieve a balance of interests between the state, resource supplying organizations, and consumers.

The economic development of the region and innovation activity are not only closely related, but also influence each other. The concentration of participants in innovation activities contributes to the development of the region's economy and increases the attractiveness of the region for an even greater number of subjects of the innovation process. However, the concentration of participants generates competition for limited resources, which include human resources with certain competencies. In addition, the growth of the regional economy may change the structure of employment incentives. As it develops, income from work in the field of research and development may be inferior to income offered in other areas of the regional economy. The presented study examines the relationship between technological growth and the development of the region's economy and the proportion of the number of research and development personnel to the total number of people employed with higher education. The quantitative study was conducted on the basis of statistical data characterizing the economies of the 18 most innovative regions of the Russian Federation for the period from 2005 to 2023. The results of the quantitative analysis indicate that the growth in income levels and the technological development of the regional economy have a negative impact on the share of research and development personnel among the number of employed with higher education. The opposite, positive impact is provided by the indicator of the growth and development of the urban agglomeration. The results obtained indicate the need for compensatory intervention in the structure of regional labor markets, with the economic and innovative growth of the regions. The need for such intervention is determined by the goals of maintaining the research and innovation momentum, ensuring a stable trajectory for further technological and economic development of the regions.

The article is devoted to substantiating the need to form a multi-level system of using intelligent components for decision-making at the federal and regional levels of executive power in the context of the new digital doctrine of the Russian Federation. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research conducted in the article is based on the application of multifactorial dynamic models synthesizing groups of management solutions, as well as functional and structural analysis, which makes it possible to evaluate the operation of economic and social type systems used in the field of public administration of the Russian Federation in the development of industrial and technological development programs. The novelty of the study is to describe a possible scenario for adapting the management decision development process to the requirements of the new digital doctrine of the Russian Federation, as well as the conditions of resource constraints and the need to develop import substitution systems in terms of high-tech technologies. The authors propose an algorithm with a high level of scalability, which allows it to be integrated into the decision support system of the public administration system. The algorithm is a synthesis of basic practices, including the creation of a specialized group of specialists in terms of digital transformation, as well as the organization of a consistent transition to the development of solutions based on digital technologies and business process reengineering, taking into account legal requirements. It is determined that the digital transformation in the field of public administration carried out in the country involves the creation of a fundamentally new architecture based on digital solutions. The authors are convinced that this transformation will contribute to increasing the transparency of public administration processes, which will fully take into account the interests of government agencies, society and the commercial sector.

The need to align the areas of public-private partnership (PPP) projects with national projects and national goals implemented in the Russian Federation is justified by a number of fundamental reasons described in the article that are of strategic importance for the development of the country. The relevance of the research topic is determined by the fact that national projects cover a wide range of sectors where the PPP potential can be realized with maximum efficiency, but is not actually used. Almost every national project contains areas that can be successfully implemented using PPP mechanisms, attracting private investment, experience and innovation. The purpose of writing the article is to assess the consistency of the target priorities of public-private partnership projects with national priorities. The objectives of the study presented in the article include studying the formal mechanisms for coordinating PPP projects, identifying problems associated with the limited application of these mechanisms, and developing ways to solve them. The scientific significance of the article lies in identifying the barriers that impede ensuring full consistency of PPP project areas with national priorities. Eliminating such barriers can become a new direction for implementing national policy in the field of PPP, increasing its effectiveness.

The paper, based on the results of situational and functional analyses, formulates a definition of the concept of "economic security of an enterprise" and clarifies the content of the term "digitalization of an enterprise".

Using the results of retrospective and normative analyses, the author examines the practice of implementing digitalization in the business processes of Russian economic entities and identifies the main motives for the process of digital transformation of enterprises.

The article, using comparative analysis and an evidence-based approach, presents current threats to the economic security of the digitalization process, provides their classification, and proposes tools and mechanisms for counteraction.

Based on the method of scientific abstraction and factor analysis, the correlation between the level of economic security of an enterprise and the quality of its digital potential is examined. It is proven that effective business management is impossible outside the emerging global digital environment, without using data analytics and the widespread implementation of artificial intelligence.

The disclosure of the stated topic will allow determining the algorithm of practical actions for the digitalization of enterprises and showing the degree of its impact on the level of economic security of economic entities.

The article discusses the issues of public administration in the field of youth employment, namely, the solution of the problem of the lack of professional orientation and the crisis of career expectations. The author associates the relevance of this problem with the general transformation of the motivational component of labor activity, as well as the sharp and obvious change in the conditions of economic activity of citizens under the influence of technological progress. The author presents a schematic diagram of employment strategies and their corresponding labor motivators. In order to optimize public administration of youth employment, the author presents a vision of the sequential change in the individual trajectory of interest in work and the corresponding role of public regulation. The study of public administration capabilities aims to clarify approaches to regulating labor relations, the rights and obligations of the parties to an employment contract, and the parties to social partnership. The hierarchy of strategies shows the stages of possible.

Under the transformation of global financial architecture pressured by climate threats, environmental catastrophes and carbon regulation, the green bond market acts not merely as a capital redistribution instrument, but as an institutional marker of transition to post-carbon economy. The relevance of this research is determined not only by the growth of green financing volumes, but also by a systemic trust crisis caused by fragmented regulatory frameworks, taxonomy inconsistencies and growing greenwashing practices, which threatens the legitimacy of the entire sustainable financing ecosystem. This work aims at multidimensional comparative analysis of regulatory paradigms in three key jurisdictions – European Union, USA and China – with subsequent diagnostics of institutional dysfunctions exemplified by Russia and other developing economies. Research objectives include: (1) reconstruction of regulatory legal foundations, (2) analysis of causal relationships between regulatory stringency and cost of capital, (3) assessment of verification and disclosure mechanisms effectiveness, (4) development of author's integral regulatory maturity rating model (IRMR), (5) formulation of recommendations for international experience adaptation. Main results show that high degree of normative determination (EU) ensures maximum transparency but reduces flexibility, while market autonomy (USA) generates innovations but amplifies information asymmetry, and centralized stimulation (China) mobilizes large-scale resources but limits accountability. Practical significance lies in developing institutional development strategy for Russian green bond market. Scientific novelty consists in proposing experimental regulatory maturity model including nonlinear weight coefficients, as well as identifying regulatory efficiency paradox: higher formal system maturity leads to higher transaction costs, creating feedback between legitimacy and accessibility. The work contributes to institutional economics theory, information asymmetry theory and political economy of sustainable finance.

The relevance of the research topic is due to the need to increase the effectiveness of the competitive positioning of domestic industrial enterprises in the face of sanctions pressure and increasing global competition. Modern challenges require companies not only to adapt production processes, but also to create sustainable management response mechanisms based on the integration of accounting and analytical systems and competitive intelligence methods. The purpose of the scientific research is to develop accounting and analytical support for the strategic development of the enterprise through the improvement of its conceptual and methodological apparatus with a focus on increasing competitiveness. The scientific and practical significance of the work is to systematize and clarify the conceptual framework in the field of strategic accounting, substantiate the need to introduce elements of organizational training into the management accounting system, and develop recommendations for integrating accounting and analytical support with knowledge management mechanisms. The practical applicability of the results is confirmed by the possibility of their use in the process of developing and modernizing information systems of enterprises.

As a result of the research, it was found that effective competitive positioning is possible with an integrated strategic accounting system capable of providing not only monitoring and control, but also forecasting the external environment. The necessity of strengthening the role of accounting subsystems in the knowledge management system and ensuring strategic planning is revealed. The concept of an accounting and analytical system as an element of the competitive intelligence architecture, covering all levels of the organizational structure of the enterprise, is proposed. The value of the conducted research is determined by the scientific novelty, which consists in the development of a theoretical and methodological approach to the organization of accounting and analytical support for strategic enterprise management based on the principles of competitive intelligence, organizational training and controlling, as well as in the formation of a conceptual model of strategic accounting focused on the implementation of information support for management decisions in conditions of high external turbulence.

In modern conditions, the integration of the processes of territorial and strategic planning of the socio-economic development of the region acts as the most important factor ensuring the effectiveness of regional management. The implementation of integration contributes to the formation of balanced and sustainable management systems that can adequately take into account socio-economic and territorial aspects of development. The purpose of the article is to analyze the existing system of interrelationship between territorial and strategic planning, followed by the identification of key barriers to their integration and the systematization of ways to overcome them.

The study identified and systematized key practical factors that hinder effective integration. The main result is the author's classification of theoretical models and methodological approaches aimed at improving the consistency of the two types of planning. The scientific and practical significance of the work lies in the fact that the proposed systematization not only lists existing tools, but also groups them according to their functional purpose, providing a comprehensive toolkit for solving specific integration problems.

Stimulating sustainable development of insurance organizations operating in the Russian insurance market is a priority task of the Russian economy. Changes in the world market caused by the global transformation characteristic of the last five years have entailed a significant change in the operating conditions of insurance organizations. All these factors contributed to the revision of approaches to the development of sustainable development strategies for insurance organizations, which gave rise to the need to develop new adapted tools for assessing such strategies. The purpose of the study is to develop such a methodological tool for assessing the strategy of sustainable development of insurance organizations that would allow establishing the relevance of the strategy for a specific insurance organization. The following methods were used in the study: statistical methods, including correlation and regression analysis, survey, SWOT analysis. The result of the study is a methodological tool for assessing the strategy of sustainable development of an insurance organization, consisting of three blocks. The authors conclude that the most significant risks in the Russian insurance sector in the medium term are the presence of high entrepreneurial risks, characteristic only of Russia, and the lack of incentives for the development of long-term insurance, as well as the inflated cost of insurance services, as well as the low level of development of reinsurance market instruments and technologies, which may increase due to the lack of incentives for the development of long-term insurance.

Modern digital technologies are gradually transforming all spheres of society's life, priorities and values are changing, the needs for intellectual development, self-realization and mastering the skills of processing/saving information are becoming paramount. Under the influence of digitalization, the labor economy is changing, new types of labor activity are being formed, the structure of existing economic relations and the structure of the labor market are changing. Information, acting as the basis of communications, changes not only market segments, but also the norms of economic relations, being the motivator and source of economic actions. The concept of a “digital economic environment” is emerging, where each economic entity operates not only in the economic, but also in the digital space.

The purpose of the study is to analyze the impact of the conditions of digitalization of the labor market on the dynamics and nature of informal employment. The presented work assesses such a phenomenon as informal employment and non-standard forms of employment in the context of the digital economy, and analyzes the reasons for the emergence of new forms of informal employment associated with the use of digital tools in professional activities. The article characterizes the conditions of modern digitalization of the labor market, identifies the reasons for the insufficient use of digital tools in professional activities within traditional forms of employment and the high level of use of digital tools in informal labor relations.

The share of informally employed people in Russia has increased significantly in recent years. This paper examines the digitalization of labor and economic relations as a factor in the growth of informal employment. The work presents the author's comprehensive sociological research conducted in 2024 (survey, expert survey, analysis of static documents), as well as the results of research conducted by RPORC (Russia Public Opinion Centre), Levada Center (2015–2024).

The author's research revealed the positive role of digital informal employment in the professional and personal development of a modern Russian worker. As part of the study of new labor practices, it was found that informal, atypical labor practices in the labor market are increasingly associated with digital means. And the tendency to formalize digital forms of employment into social labor practices will become increasingly evident in the future. These are other forms of interaction between the employee and the employer, the content of which goes beyond the traditional understanding of informal employment. In the future, such practices will become more common, winning their own space in the structure of the labor market.

The relevance of the research is due to the need for digital transformation of state platforms for effective management of investment processes in tourist territories of the Russian Federation in the context of digital economy development. In modern conditions, the fragmentation of investment platforms and the lack of a unified system create significant barriers to the development of investment activity.

The purpose of the research is to develop methodological approaches to creating a unified digital investment platform based on state information resources. In achieving this goal, the following research objectives were addressed: analysis of the current state of the investment climate; identification of problems of existing investment platforms; development of a unified digital platform concept; determination of project implementation mechanisms.

The scientific novelty of the research lies in the development of conceptual foundations for building an information-analytical system for systematic modeling of the tourist investment product.

The practical significance lies in the possibility of applying the developed approaches to create a unified investment platform capable of improving the efficiency of investment process management in tourist territories.

The main conclusions of the research are as follows: comprehensive digitalization of the investment process is necessary; creation of a unified state platform is required; integration of all participants in the investment process must be ensured; improvement of financial literacy of the population is essential.

Implementation of the recommendations proposed in the research will allow creating an effective system for managing investment processes, increasing the investment attractiveness of territories, and ensuring sustainable economic development.

The article, based on a retrospective analysis, identifies the root causes, conditions, and stages of formation of the global economic system based on Western dominance, and defines the motives behind the latter’s efforts to prevent alternative globalization. Using the results of situational analysis, the author assesses the current state of the global economy, highlighting its high turbulence and uncertainty as key characteristics.

Relying on an evidence-based approach and expert assessments, the paper shows the directions of transformation of the global economy and substantiates the inevitability of the transition to a multipolar world order, which significantly accelerated in 2025 due to the tariff war unleashed by the new US administration led by D. Trump.

The scientific novelty of the research lies in identifying and classifying current external threats to Russia’s economic security. An adequate assessment of these threats will allow the state and Russian economic entities to develop a balanced strategy for countering and minimizing potential negative costs, as well as determine the tools and mechanisms for its practical implementation.

The paper, based on retrospective and regulatory analyses, characterizes public procurement legislation, evaluates the existing system of state defense order (SDO) execution and its individual elements, defines the scope and functions of the entities involved, outlines national goals in this area, and proposes mechanisms and tools for their achievement.

Using the results of situational and functional analyses, the author formulates a definition of the concept of «economic security of the SDO public procurement system», identifies key threats to its security, and proposes methods to mitigate them. Applying comparative analysis and an evidence-based approach, the article examines ways to improve the efficiency of public procurement in general and SDO in particular, focusing on digitalization processes and the introduction of artificial intelligence in control activities and preliminary anti-corruption expertise of contracts and legislation in this area.

Relying on the method of scientific abstraction and factor analysis, the author identifies and demonstrates the correlation between the level of economic security of the existing SDO public procurement system and their economic efficiency. The disclosure of the stated topic will help to form an algorithm for continuous improvement of the public procurement system and strengthening its economic security.

The relevance of this study stems from the rapid development of digitalization processes, which have a significant impact on economic growth in both developed and developing countries. In today's environment, understanding the mechanisms by which digital technologies influence the economy is becoming a key factor in formulating effective economic policy.

The aim of this study is to identify the key factors determining the uneven impact of digitalization processes on economic growth in developed and developing countries, as well as to establish the conditions under which these processes lead to increased inequality between countries.

The practical significance of this study lies in the fact that the results enable the development of differentiated digitalization strategies for regions with different levels of development. Moreover, the results provide tools for assessing the risks of increasing interregional inequality.

The main findings of the study show that the impact of digitalization on economic growth varies significantly depending on a country's level of development. The greatest impact is achieved in countries with a developed institutional environment and digital infrastructure. The main influencing factors are the development of the internet, telecommunications technologies, e-commerce, and online services. Effective public administration and the development of digital technologies contribute to a more rapid economic recovery after crises. At the same time, the economic effect of digitalization is possible only with a high level of human capital and an appropriate regulatory framework.

The principle of personal inviolability is one of the leading intersectoral guidelines that determine the legal status of a person being prosecuted, since, on the one hand, it establishes the physical, mental, and bodily autonomy of the individual, and, on the other, the limits of legitimate state intrusion into this area. It is important that the public purpose of criminal proceedings in a situation of restriction of personal integrity is carried out on the basis of a court decision, accompanied by judicial control and based on an objective assessment of the circumstances of such restriction.

The purpose of the study is to determine the guarantees of the inviolability of the person subject to criminal prosecution. An analysis and comparison of a number of international and national legal acts is presented. which contain standards of personal integrity in the field of criminal proceedings.

The right to cash inviolability is one of the most significant guarantees in the legal status of a person, therefore the Constitution of the Russian Federation, as well as fundamental international regulations and international treaties, allow its limitation only under certain conditions. Note that this power is indicated in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of December 10, 1948 (Articles 3, 9) [1], the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights of December 16, 1966 (Article 9) [2].

The Constitution of the Russian Federation enshrines the right of everyone to freedom and personal inviolability (Article 22), and also establishes the permissible possibility of restricting the rights and freedoms of a person and citizen only by federal law to the extent necessary in order to protect the foundations of the constitutional order, morality, health, rights and legitimate interests of others, ensuring the defense of the country and the security of the state (part 3 of article 55).

This article examines the chronological sequence of changes affecting the objects of legal protection that constitute the intellectual property landscape during the transition from the analog to the digital environment. Digital transformation is changing the conditions for the creation, use and protection of intellectual property results, accompanied by the increasing complexity of civil law mechanisms of circulation, the growing risks of unlawful copying of works, as well as the emergence of new objects related to artificial intelligence and digital technologies. These circumstances determine the relevance of the present research and the necessity of scholarly reflection on the transformations of intellectual property in the digital era.

The aim of the study is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the transformation of the legal landscape of intellectual property under the influence of digital technologies and to identify the main theoretical, legal and civil aspects of such changes. To achieve this aim, the following objectives were set: to examine the interrelation of the processes of legal formation and law-making in the context of digital transformation, to analyze the civil law mechanisms of intellectual property regulation in the digital environment, and to determine the legal status of new intellectual property objects.

The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of applying its results in legislative activity when amending civil law norms, as well as in law enforcement practice in resolving disputes related to intellectual property in the digital sphere. The scientific significance consists in the systematization of theoretical, legal and civil aspects of intellectual property transformation, the identification of patterns in the development of legislation in the digital era, and the formation of conceptual approaches to the legal protection of new objects.

The scientific novelty of the research lies in a comprehensive approach to understanding the interrelation of legal formation, law-making, and law enforcement in the context of the dynamic development of digital technologies and the information environment. Based on systemic analysis, it is shown that law-making activity should be not only reactive but also proactive, outpacing the pace of technological changes in order to ensure effective legal support for innovative processes.

The study concludes that law-making activity should be aimed at adapting legislation to the new realities of the digital world, which entails identifying the main aspects of the transformation of the intellectual property landscape, as well as addressing legal issues arising from the emergence of new objects of legal protection that require the determination of their legal status.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the emergence and application of the international legal framework for cooperation between the Organization of Islamic Cooperation and the Russian Federation. The purpose of the study is to analyze the cooperation of the parties from a practical point of view, as well as to determine the theoretical basis of their interaction at the interstate level. Analytical work has been carried out to study the specifics and problems of interaction between the Russian Federation and the Organization of Islamic Cooperation in various fields, international agreements concluded between the countries in the field of security and protection of human rights have been studied, problems in the relationship between the parties have been identified.

In the context of the current development of criminal proceedings, there is an urgent need for a deeper understanding of the fundamental principles of law, such as equality before the law and equality before the court. The relevance of this topic is due to the fact that a lack of distinction between these principles can lead to violations of the rights of participants in the process and an unfair administration of justice. The purpose of this study is to provide a differentiated analysis of the principles of equality before the law and equality before the court in the criminal process. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were set: to determine the content of the legal categories "law" and "court" in the context of criminal proceedings; to identify the specifics of applying the principle of equality to various participants in the process; and to justify the need for a broad interpretation of these concepts in order to ensure maximum protection of human rights and freedoms.

The scientific and practical significance of the work lies in the fact that the results of the study contribute to a more accurate understanding and application of the principles of criminal procedure, which has a direct impact on the protection of the rights of participants and the fairness of court decisions. The approaches proposed by the author can be used to improve the legislative framework and in the practice of law enforcement.

The study has established that equality before the law implies that all participants in the criminal process are subject to the same rules of substantive and procedural law, but with consideration of their procedural status. Differentiation of rights and obligations is permissible only based on their procedural role, and any other criteria for differentiation contradict this principle. In addition, the principle of equality before the court requires a deep understanding of the concept of "court" not only as a decision-making institution, but also as a form of legal justice and equality in the process of administering justice.

The criminality of law enforcement and judicial officials is one of the important types of crime and objects of criminological research and impact. This type of crime poses a great public danger; the acts that constitute this type of crime have a great public resonance and require active measures to prevent them. Clarifying the nature and characteristics of this type of crime is of great scientific and practical interest.

The purpose of this study is to clarify the place that the criminality of law enforcement and judicial officials occupies among other types of crime. The author achieves this goal by solving the following tasks: establishing criteria for distinguishing different types of crime, identifying the ratio of crime among law enforcement and judicial officials with related types of crime.

In the article, the author examines the ratio of crime among law enforcement and judicial officials, on the one hand, and official crime, official crime, corruption crime and some other types of crime, on the other. The author uses several grounds as criteria for distinguishing: the subject of the crime, the identity of the perpetrator, the methods of committing the crime, the motives and objectives of the crimes, the causes and conditions of the crimes.

The author highlights the specific features of criminality among law enforcement and judicial officials, thanks to which it can be separated from other types of crime and effective measures can be developed to combat this type of crime.

The reform of criminal proceedings, carried out in parallel with the differentiation of its forms, implies a desire to expand the principles of humanity and justice, including when deciding on a reasonable time for criminal proceedings, especially when it comes to detention. The court must comprehensively verify the legality and validity of such a decision, as well as correlate the duration of its validity with the requirement of a reasonable period of legal proceedings, not only from the perspective of domestic legislation, but also the fundamental norms and principles of international law.

The purpose of the study is determined by the importance and relevance of comparing legal regulation and the definition of standards of reasonableness as a legal and criminal procedural category, especially manifested in calculating the timing of the application of the most significantly restrictive measure of restraint – the detention of a suspect or accused.

The description of the scientific and practical significance of the work is expressed in identifying the main reasons and substantiating the logic of the reasonableness of the term of criminal proceedings as an independent legal category with the status of a principle of criminal proceedings (art. 6.1 of the Code of Criminal Procedure). The implementation of this principle is considered in the projection of a mixed form of Russian criminal proceedings (investigative in pre-trial proceedings and mixed in judicial proceedings). In this regard, an analysis of a number of court decisions is presented, which are of key importance for the effective application of the provisions on the principle of reasonableness of detention.

The conducted comparison of legal provisions makes it possible to clarify the problems of determining the reasonableness of the period of detention and suggest ways to eliminate them in law enforcement practice.

The value of the conducted research is expressed in a comparative analysis of a number of major international documents containing the legal basis for the reasonableness of criminal proceedings from the standpoint of legality and reasonableness in choosing or extending detention.

The relevance of the research topic is due to the study of social governance mechanisms in new conditions and a changing context. Governance mechanisms are considered on the case of the French Republic. Decentralization of power and governance is the path that France took two centuries ago. Municipalities as a democratic institution play the role of the main instrument. The study of various practices and paths of decentralization shows that this process is extremely contradictory, which is reflected in the French state and society. Research shows that the contradiction in society has reached a significant scale, since the level of mistrust of citizens in government bodies is high; protest movements have become active. In such conditions, a new approach to organizing the interaction of citizens and municipalities is needed.

The purpose of the study is to identify the ways and directions of development of municipalities as one of the important instruments for the democratization of society (using France as an example). The objective of the study is to analyze the current state of municipalities in France, the features and problems of their development at the current stage.

The scientific significance of the study lies in identifying the features of the development of decentralization and municipalities as an important instrument in modern society. The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of applying the obtained results and conclusions in the practice of state and municipal administration in Russia. The scientific novelty of the results lies in the conclusions obtained by the authors about the evolution of the local government model, which is taking place against the background of significant growth and strengthening of the role of local authorities in the public authority system in France; a conclusion was made about the need to improve the political model of local government and increase the efficiency of municipalities, optimize the forms of local affairs management to ensure the socio-economic development of municipalities.

The past year, 2024, was declared the Year of the Family by the President of the Russian Federation, with its main goal being the improvement of the situation of children within the family. However, the Presidential Decree also served as one of the confirming facts that the institution of family and marriage is undergoing fundamental changes.

The relevance of this article is due to the fact that domestic violence against children is a serious social problem affecting millions of families. In the context of modern society, where the number of cases of domestic violence is increasing, it is important to pay attention to the protection of children and their mental health. Studying this problem contributes to the formation of public opinion aimed at protecting children, as well as the creation of effective measures for the prevention of violence and support for victims.

The main purpose of the study is to highlight the problem of domestic violence against children, to analyze its types, consequences, and methods of prevention. The objectives include analyzing the factors contributing to domestic violence against children, studying the impact of family violence on the physical and mental health of minors, and examining legislative measures for protection against domestic violence.

The scientific novelty of the work lies in new models for the prevention of domestic violence. The scientific significance consists in deepening the understanding of domestic violence and its specifics in relation to children. The result of the scientific work is the development of proposals to minimize domestic violence.

The article is devoted to the study of the importance of economic security in the Russian Federation and the mechanisms for ensuring it through countering economic crime. The purpose of the study is to form a system for ensuring economic security aimed at countering economic crime by law enforcement agencies of the Russian Federation. The research proves that the system of ensuring economic security through countering economic crime is a complex of interrelated elements: goals for protecting the economic interests of society, the state and the individual; principles of the system's functioning; areas of activity; specific counteraction measures; legal mechanisms for implementation; authorized subjects of law enforcement activity.

The article pays special attention to the role of the General Directorate for Economic Security and Anti-Corruption (GUEBiPC) The Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in this system.

The scientific significance of the study is determined by proposals to improve the Economic Security Strategy of the Russian Federation until 2030 by specifying measures to counter threats to economic security in Part 7, paragraph 7, and supplementing Part 8, paragraph 7 with the definition of "a system for ensuring economic security by countering crime."

The purpose of this article is to attempt to provide a legal analysis of the design of the application of an energy service contract as an unnamed contract in the Civil Code, combining the features of a mixed contract used in civil law. The objectives of the study are to determine the essential and other terms of such a contract, as well as to determine its legal fate and the correctness of qualifications. The relevance is manifested in the absence of a clear proper regulation of the use of such a category has not been established. Subjects of civil law relations to such contracts apply the norms of other contracts such as supplies, services, investment contracts, etc. so are the norms of legislation where there is an imperative principle, since, depending on whether it is a contract or a contract (where government authorities are involved, it is mandatory to comply with and apply the norms of Federal laws. The practical significance of the study is due to the fact that it is aimed at developing ways to solve problems that arise when regulating situations related to the conclusion of an energy service agreement, and will also help to stabilize judicial practice, since courts cannot always distinguish between related (similar) legal structures. The findings can be used in further scientific research and educational purposes, in law enforcement practice and in the process of improving legislation. The energy service contract, which was previously known in international law and was often replaced with an energy supply contract, has found its place in the Russian legal system, despite the difficulty of regulating such relations.

The article discusses the issues of the substantive content of the legal structure "competence of the head of the subject of the Russian Federation." The need to address this issue is due to the innovations introduced by the new Federal Law on the system of public authority of the subjects of the Russian Federation. To achieve the purpose of the work – the study of the legal content of the category "competence", both general methods of dialectical analysis and special ones were used: comparative, formal legal, logical. The approaches of researchers to understanding the concept of "competence" are considered, and various views on its elemental composition are given. A connection has been made in the understanding of state power, public power, and the exercise of the powers of the head of a subject in the system of public authority in the region. The rights and duties of the head of a subject of the Russian Federation are designated as independent elements of his competence. Attention is drawn to the terminological certainty in the use of concepts, both in practical jurisprudence and in the construction of theoretical constructions.

The doctrine of unified economic law, which was actively developed in Soviet legal science, was updated at the beginning of the 21st century in the form of a discussion about the formation of a new Russian legal branch – the law of "economic". Currently, this discussion is still at the stage of disputes about the justification and even the possibility of the existence of this legal branch. The purpose of this article was to contribute to the resolution of this fundamental scientific problem, since the solution of the question of the expediency of the existence of economic law and its place in the domestic legal system should precede the consideration of all other methodological tasks related to the existence of the debated legal phenomenon. The analysis of the positions of the existing scientific schools on this issue resulted in specific conclusions and suggestions of the authors of the article.

The relevance of the research topic of fixing legal facts is due to the increasing complexity of the system of public relations and the associated developing system of torts. The doctrine of torts, which arose in the bosom of Roman law, made it possible to form and expand the system of ways and means of fixing legal facts. However, to date, there is no scientifically developed and legally established mechanism for fixing legal facts that corresponds to current trends in the development of law. The purpose of this research is the scientific interpretation of legal facts in the legal field. In the course of the research, the following tasks were solved: a historical review of the formation of the concept of legal fact was carried out, using the methods of comparative jurisprudence, the application of this legal category in the legislation of England, France and the USA was studied. The scientific significance of the study lies in the substantiation of the fact that fixation is only one of the elements of a huge information matrix necessary for the formation of analytical conclusions, decision-making and their implementation in the framework of a legal conflict arising from a tort legal relationship. The practical significance of the study lies in the proposed new classification of legal facts. The main result of the study is the conclusion that the task of modern legal researchers is to present the theory, methodology and concept of this new field in a systematic form. This article attempts to apply a scientific and practical approach to these issues.

In this scientific article, the author analyzed foreign theoretical approaches to legal instrumentalism. The main emphasis is on comparing classical instrumental theories with modern variations of instrumentalism. As a result, the article formulates a conclusion about the methodological significance of new instrumental interpretations of law using the example of digitalization, local legal experiments, and the personification of legal regulation. The main methods of conducting the research were the formal-logical and analytical methods, as well as individual private scientific methods (legal instrumentalism, legal pragmatism). In a comprehensive expression, they allowed the authors to assess the trends in the development of foreign legal science in relation to the understanding of laws as instruments of political and legal design. The authors put forward as the main conclusion the fact that modern theories of legal instrumentalism are substantiated by the challenges faced by the state and society.

In recent years, criminal procedural legislation has been undergoing significant changes, and the process of its constant reform is underway. These changes can be considered positive and effective only if such fundamental concepts as the criminal procedural form, and the procedural proceedings and procedural regime included in its composition, which together form the foundation of the criminal process, are taken into account. It is these circumstances that have necessitated the need to revisit the consideration of these elements of the criminal procedural form, which demonstrates the relevance of the research topic.

The purpose of the study is to determine the essence, structure, and interrelation of such elements of the criminal procedural form as procedural proceedings and procedural regime. To achieve this goal, a number of tasks must be addressed, which include the following: to analyze the properties, characteristics, and content of procedural proceedings and procedural regime; to examine their structural elements; to determine the relationship and influence of the principles of criminal procedure and procedural guarantees on the nature of the procedural regime.

The scientific significance of the conducted research lies in the possibility of further using the findings in subsequent studies of procedural proceedings and regime.

The practical aspect of the research consists in the need to rethink the content of the criminal procedural form and its elements, to introduce optimal changes to the current legislation, and to enhance the effectiveness of criminal proceedings. The results of the research are the establishment of the individuality of each criminal procedural proceeding and its differences from the stage of the criminal process. The scientific novelty of the research is expressed in defining the essence of the criminal procedural regime not simply as a set of principles and procedural guarantees, but as the level of compliance with the procedural principles of criminal procedure through the procedural guarantees provided by the legislator. However, according to the author, compliance with the principles of criminal procedure is not ensured by the maximum volume of procedural guarantees provided by the legislator alone. Their number may be excessive, which would significantly complicate criminal procedural activities.

The lack of a systematic approach to classifying offenses using artificial intelligence creates serious gaps in legal regulation and law enforcement practice.

The purpose of the study is to develop a comprehensive classification of crimes committed using artificial intelligence technologies, as well as to formulate proposals for improving regulation of this area.

The objectives of the work include: systematization of existing and potential types of AI crimes; analysis of the applicability of current norms of Russian criminal law to new types of offenses; identification of legal gaps in the regulation of AI crime; development of specific legislative initiatives.

The scientific significance of the study is determined for the first time by the proposed five-component classification of crimes related to the use of artificial intelligence, which covers a range of threats from technical vulnerabilities to psychological manipulation. The practical value of the work consists in developing specific proposals for amendments to Articles 272, 273 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and the introduction of a new Article 273.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, as well as in substantiating the system of qualifying signs specific to AI crimes.

The main results of the study are represented by five categories of AI crimes: poisoning of language model data, virus attacks on AI systems, interception of AI agent data, control takeover of AI or AI agents, and creation of AI-generated content for social engineering. A systematic analysis of the vulnerabilities of AI agents in the context of criminal law doctrine revealed legal gaps in the current norms of Chapter 28 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The conclusions of the work substantiate the need for legislative changes, which include strengthening sanctions, taking into account the potential damage from AI crimes and the creation of a specialized legal mechanism to counter new types of cyber threats.

The relevance of this topic stems from the importance of studying the history of Russian state reform in the early 20th century. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the hesitation of legislators during the discussion of the project to establish the State Duma in the Russian Empire under the reign of Minister of Internal Affairs A.G. Bulygin. The objectives are to identify the periodization and content of the initial stages of the discussions on the introduction of popular representation in February–July 1905. This study contributes to a scholarly understanding of the political and legal process in the late Russian Empire. The article's conclusions provide a new understanding of the role of the main actors in the political process (Nicholas II, A.G. Bulygin, S.E. Kryzhanovsky and others). The novelty of the study is determined by the inclusion of memoirs published in exile and previously unpublished archival sources.

Countering the legalization (laundering) of proceeds from crime and the financing of terrorism is one of the key tasks of the modern state. In order to ensure national security in general and economic security in particular, the Russian Federation is constantly improving the regulatory framework governing countering this type of crimes.

The purpose of the study is a theoretical and applied analysis of audit, taking into account the requirements of the legislation on combating the legalization (laundering) of proceeds from crime and the financing of terrorism.

An attempt was made to consider possible options for the audit organization's behavior when accepting a client for service, taking into account the obligations provided for by the "anti-money laundering" legislation and the audit organization's own risks. A comprehensive analysis of the issues of concluding an audit services agreement was carried out, the rights and obligations of audit organizations when accepting a client for service were analyzed, the issues of the ratio of mandatory audit and freedom of contract for the provision of audit services are considered.

The results obtained can be used in further theoretical studies of both audit issues and problems of countering the legalization (laundering) of proceeds from crime and the financing of terrorism.

Tourism, as a social institution of modern society, contributes to the inclusion of the individual in intercultural communication, thereby forming possible risks of sociocultural conflicts as a result of the inconsistency of the values and normative attitudes of tourists and the local population, the inconsistency of their expectations. The purpose of the article is to reveal the specifics of sociocultural conflicts. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the manifestation of socio-cultural conflicts in the field of tourism in modern conditions and the mechanism of their resolution have not received adequate coverage in domestic science. Implementation of modern methods of information preparation and support of tourists into the practice of tourist organizations will reduce the risk of socio-cultural conflicts and tourismphobic reactions on the part of the host.

At the present stage, within dynamic transformations in the economic, social and political spheres, the quality of life is becoming not only one of the key indicators of the socio-economic development of the state but also acquires the status of a fundamental factor determining the activities of all actors in the public sphere.

In this regard, the work emphasizes the need to reflect this concept at the theoretical and methodological level – in the regulatory field and in other documents of a strategic nature, as well as at the applied level – in the development and implementation of the methodology for collecting and processing relevant information.

The conceptualization of the «quality of life» term, considering the diversity of its structural components, including setting a system of indicators that can characterize it and particularly relevant for the employed population, is a serious methodological problem.

Moreover, the dynamic of socio-economic conditions complicates the operationalization of the concept: the translation of the abstract «quality of life» term into measurable indicators in the context of constantly changing labor sphere faces the problem of choosing relevant indicators.

The paper presents an attempt to select key indicators of the quality of life of the employed population, both objective and subjective ones, and also argues for the need to identify connections and patterns between them.

Currently, in the context of changes taking place in the global space, the domestic society needs a powerful resource to counter the unceasing, rapid growth of challenges and to ensure industrial, technological, and cultural sovereignty. This resource for the country is the young generations of Russians.

The aim of the study is to identify the specifics of life strategies formed by today's student youth.

The value and novelty of the study lies in the fact that it is based on an analysis of the results of an all-Russian representative sociological study aimed at exploring the living world and social orientations of Russian students. The scientific and practical significance is due to the identification of the specifics and content of the life strategies of student youth in the field of education and future professional activities, on the basis of which the authors justify the need to turn the potential of today's youth into the property of society.

Modern children are born in the era of total digitalization. We can safely classify them as a generation of "digital aborigines". Many of them have their first gadget in their hands in the first year of life, as soon as the skill of holding objects in their hands begins to develop. Further, the control of children's media consumption depends on the parents' consciousness and lifestyle. And if a few years ago there was a widespread attitude that children should be kept away from digital devices for as long as possible, today this trend is changing. It's about the inevitability of children encountering the digital world and trying to consciously integrate it into their daily lives.

This article provides an overview of the theoretical and practical aspects of media consumption in modern Russian children (from 0 to 17 years old). The purpose of the study is to characterize the practice of media consumption in children in three age groups: 4-8 years old, 9-13 years old and 14-17 years old. In this regard, the data from the media behavior study of children and adolescents presented by Mediascope in April 2025 were reviewed. The authors concluded that the Internet has become an integral part of the lives of Russian children – a kind of institution of socialization that conveys norms, values and skills in an easily digestible form, sometimes without passing moderation for compliance with ethical standards, reliability, competent and correct presentation.

The article is devoted to the study of the problematic models of modern parenthood. The relevance of the research topic is related to the changing phenomenon of parenthood, which is noted not only by Russian but also by foreign researchers. The purpose of the study is to analyze various models of parenting, as well as parental self-efficacy. The research objectives are related to the theoretical and empirical substantiation of various models of social parenting practices in Russian realities. The scientific significance lies in the correlation of parental self-efficacy and diverse parenting models. It is proved that the emergence of normative, single, parenting with a high degree of child-centered «yazhem» and other models of parenting should be interpreted not only in the context of the parent's personal choice, but also from the point of view of the child's personality development. An empirical study conducted in 2025 revealed that normative and single parenting are assessed as a personal choice of a parent. However, if the normative model of parenthood is more adequate for the development of a child's personality, then choosing single parenthood has significant social consequences for the child's development – selfdoubt, dislike, and distrust of others. The model of social parenting practice «yazhemat» is assessed as problematic for the development of the child's personality. In conclusion, it is summarized that when choosing a parenting model, it is important to focus on both the role of the parent and the development of the child's personality.

With the increasing number of patients with cancer and autoimmune diseases requiring transplants, recruiting volunteers to the bone marrow donor registry is a pressing issue for Russian society. Difficulties in selecting a suitable recipient dictate the need to expand the database by 34%. A research project to study the motives and factors for potential bone marrow donation focused on identifying the life scenarios for registry participants. These scenarios detail motivations and have practical significance, driven by the search for effective channels for engaging potential bone marrow donors in volunteer activities. This article, based on a typology of open-ended responses from a questionnaire survey of participants in a database of potential hematopoietic stem cell donors, presents basic scenarios for registry entry. The following scenarios are characterized: those related to the close social environment (a friend, spouse, acquaintance joined the register), the experience of a loved one’s illness (a family member or friend fell ill), a social service scenario (career blood donors), professional scenarios (medical workers, representatives of law enforcement agencies, employees of public organizations), an emotional scenario (response to a message, a story in the media), and a random scenario (participation in an event, campaign).

The article presents the results of a study conducted by the staff of the Center for Islamic Studies, one of the areas of which was a block of questions about religious education, as well as the needs for it among mosque attendees in the city of Kazan.

The purpose of the study is to identify the need of mosque attendees in Kazan for religious knowledge and religious education. The obtained results will contribute not only to the creation of an effective infrastructure and constructive forms of receiving religious education for various groups of the Muslim community, but will also significantly reduce the risks of Muslims turning to destructive and unreliable sources of knowledge. This is particularly relevant due to the increasing proportion of migrants in Muslim communities.

The empirical basis of the study was composed of survey data from Muslims who attended the largest mosques in Kazan during Friday prayers in the fall of 2021. The obtained results allowed us to conclude that there is a great need for religious knowledge and a high demand for all levels of religious education among actively practicing Muslims in Kazan.

The study results also demonstrated high satisfaction among mosque attendees regarding the development and accessibility of the religious education system, as well as the quantity and quality of Muslim literature. This provides significant credibility to the existing system of religious education in Tatarstan.

In the context where attempts are made to question the system of fundamental, socially significant, unshakable values, protecting the vital interests of the country based on firm positions regarding the preservation of traditional Russian spiritual and moral values, which form the social value-orientation foundation and simultaneously define the system of norms and guidelines for all social groups in society, is a priority task of the present time.

The aim of the article is to determine the position of the digital generation of youth within the framework of traditional Russian values.

The value and novelty of the conducted research are characterised by the fact that, based on a comparative analysis of the results of studies of youth conducted with the participation of the authors between 2017 and 2023, conclusions are drawn regarding the adherence of young generations to traditional Russian values.

The scientific and practical significance is due to the demand for developing measures to strengthen traditional values in the minds of young people, contributing to the maintenance and strengthening of social solidarity in Russian society at the intergenerational level.

The relevance of this study is determined by the increasing role of music in the everyday lives of young people in contemporary Russian society. It is demonstrated that in the Russian context, rap music is often the voice of a generation of young people, shaping their everyday lives and informing their identity. It is demonstrated that in the realities of the current century, Russian rap serves as a tool remodeling modes of interaction and self-expression, influencing fashion patterns, life views, and social and cultural norms. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of rap music, specifically two iconic songs, "Gossip" and "City of Roads," on the everyday lives of Russian youth in the 2000s. The article explores the essential features of rap and the particularities of its development during the era of economic transition in Russian society. Emphasis is placed on everyday life as a category of sociological inquiry. Based on a study of the selected compositions, the author identifies key meanings assimilated by young people. The scientific novelty of the conducted research is determined by the focus on specific compositions that influenced the constitution of everyday life and the life worlds of Russian youth at the beginning of the 21st century.

The relevance of this theoretical study is due to the need to resolve the accumulated methodological contradictions of monocausal theoretical models. The main objective of the work is to describe the main provisions of the ecological approach of W. Bronfenbrenner, its capabilities and limitations. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were solved: a definition of a macrosystem, mesosystem, exosystem and microsystem was given; the main ways of communication of the designated systems were described; the advantages and limitations of this approach were analyzed using the example of a case study of prostitution. The scientific significance of this study lies in the designation of a possible way of implementing the ecological approach in sociological research through its synthesis with other research traditions in the discipline. Practical significance can be designated through the allocated potential for applied research based on this approach. The scientific novelty of this work lies in the absence of relevant current works considering the theoretical prospects of the ecological approach in domestic sociology.

In Russian society, the issues of delayed maturation of modern youth, which has various consequences, are becoming relevant at the scientific-theoretical and practical levels. In order to clarify the attitude to adulthood and identify the characteristics of markers of ideal-typical models of maturation, a study of student youth in Kazan was conducted using a questionnaire. The results of the work have scientific and practical value due to the possibility of using markers for the prevention of social infantilism. It was found that despite concerns about maturation, most of the surveyed students see adulthood as attractive; separation, education, employment are present in the students' responses as markers of adulthood, signs of delayed maturation are associated with family and marital characteristics and the priority of self-care.

The relevance of the work is due to the high importance of social protection of families with children in the context of a growing demographic crisis. Despite all attempts by government bodies to stimulate the birth rate, it continues to decline. The decline in the birth rate is determined by a decrease in the number of women of childbearing age, delayed childbearing, the outflow of young people to large cities, and deterioration in social well-being. In this regard, social protection of families with children occupies a significant place in the context of the state's social policy. The more effectively social protection of families with children is implemented, the higher the quality of life of the population will be. The purpose of the study was to identify the role of social protection of families with children in increasing the birth rate (based on the author's online survey). The work set the tasks of determining the population's assessment of the current demographic situation in the Republic of Tatarstan, the prospects for its development in the next few years and the activities of the Government of the Republic of Tatarstan in relation to the implementation of measures for the social protection of families with children. The empirical basis of the study was the official data of Rosstat, as well as the results of the author's online survey of residents of the Republic of Tatarstan, aimed at identifying the role of social protection of families with children in increasing the birth rate. The results of the study emphasize the need to implement state measures to support families with children in order to improve the demographic situation, and also demonstrate the need for their improvement.

From the standpoint of theoretical, methodological and empirical analysis, the article examines spiritual and moral values, their role and influence on the development of society and personal behaviour. Based on the provisions of the theories of the classics of sociological thought (E. Durkheim, R. Merton, M. Weber) and domestic researchers, the continuity of scientific discussions in the field of studying moral values is indicated. Empirical knowledge of the spiritual and moral values of the younger generation is increased by the experience of using the author's sociological tools tested in the framework of a survey of young people 14-35 years (n = 1539, 2024-2025) in the Republic of Tatarstan (Kazan, Naberezhnye Chelny, Nizhnekamsk, Zelenodolsk) in order to identify the qualities that, in their opinion, constitute the foundations of morality and the structure of values. The paper presents the concept and structure of the toolkit, and its justification as a priority choice in the framework of the presented sociological survey. The conclusions indicate the role of values as the basis for the formation of social norms and rules of conduct, rights and obligations that form the basis of sustainable development of society and civil responsibility.

Gentrification is a social process in the course of interaction of social actors in the formation of territorial and social space. The article considers the possibility of an empirical study of the gentrification process and approaches to developing a conceptual framework for measuring the social processes accompanying gentrification in a megalopolis (using the example of Novosibirsk). The purpose of the article is to identify indicators for quantifying gentrification as a social phenomenon. The scientific novelty of the pilot study conducted in Novosibirsk lies in the fact that the author shows how gentrification forms cultural practices and patterns of behavior among members of the local community, which contribute to their opposition to "new" residents.

Modern legal regulation of insolvency relations is represented by a set of legislative provisions in the field of bankruptcy, the main position among which is occupied by the Federal Law "On Insolvency (Bankruptcy)" dated October 26, 2002 N 127-FZ. At the same time, the provisions of this federal law apply to both relations related to the insolvency of legal entities and individuals (citizens). At the same time, legal regulation of civil insolvency relations was included in the bankruptcy legislation of the Russian Federation only in 2015. Thus, legal regulation of general civil insolvency relations in modern Russia is no more than 10 years old, while the problems of insolvency of legal entities were devoted to the norms of the Soviet legislation, and the legislation of the Russian Empire was distinguished by the statutory procedure for regulating insolvency relations. In light of the designated features of legal regulation of insolvency relations, the experience of legal regulation of the Russian Empire in the 18th-19th centuries. seems useful and interesting not only from the point of view of codification works, but also the evolution of bankruptcy legislation, taking into account the differentiated approach of the legislator to the legal regulation of relations of commercial and non-commercial insolvency. The study of the bankruptcy legislation of the Russian Empire of the 18th-19th centuries under the prism of the interpenetration and relationship of the principles of private and public law with the aim of further studying the general principles of the formation and development of bankruptcy legislation, characteristic of the law of both the Russian Empire and modern Russia, is a relevant direction in the development of historical-legal and theoretical-legal thought. In addition, a historical and legal study of the features of the formation and development of bankruptcy legislation will allow us to understand the content of relations that are the subject of legal regulation and the main categories of law in the period under review, as well as to identify patterns and effective organizational and legal forms that determine their further legal development.

The role of polymer products as the most important source of raw materials for enterprises in various sectors of the economy cannot be overestimated, which determines the relevance of the research topic, especially in the context of international sanctions pressure. The purpose of the study is to determine the development potential of the Russian market of base polymers in conditions of disrupted international economic relations and disruption of traditional logistics chains. In this regard, the tasks were set to analyze the key indicators of the global and Russian polymer market before and after the imposition of sanctions and identify the main causes and factors influencing them. The analysis showed that the polymer industry worldwide is undergoing significant transformations, which are mainly related to the redrawing of the global map of the chemical industry towards the countries of Asia and the Middle East, which have become both the main producers and key consumers of polymers over the past two decades.; at the same time, traditional European manufacturers of chemical products, including polymer products, are rapidly losing their positions. These trends were even more reflected in the domestic polymer market due to the numerous economic sanctions imposed in 2022, which affected technologies, equipment and components that were critical to the industry, as a result of which the polymer market sank in all key indicators – output, consumption, exports and imports. However, based on the results of the analysis, we see that by the end of 2023, enterprises have managed to overcome the market decline and are beginning to gradually adapt to new economic conditions.

The precious metals market is traditionally considered as a method of hedging risks and ensuring financial stability during periods of economic and geopolitical crises. The purpose of the article is to explore scientific approaches and current trends in the precious metals market in the global economy. The article provides a review of scientific papers on the use of precious metals as stabilization investment assets and an analysis of current global trends in the formation of the precious metals market. According to the results of the review, it was revealed that precious metals are tools for ensuring financial sovereignty through consumer qualities and active use in modern industrial technologies. The use of precious metals to strengthen national currencies guarantees financial independence in the face of geopolitical uncertainty.

The study focuses on analyzing the transformation of the structure of Russian exports, with a particular emphasis on the growing importance of the Asian direction and the impact of the sanctions regime on the dynamics of this process. The relevance of the study lies in the importance of assessing the new vectors of Russian exports in the context of geoeconomic and geopolitical challenges and transformations. The aim of the study is to analyze the dynamics of the reorientation of Russian exports towards Asian markets and assess the impact of sanctions pressure on the country's economy.

To achieve the study's objectives, the structure of Russian exports was analyzed based on statistical data. Based on the analysis and scientific literature, conclusions were drawn regarding the structure, dynamics, and geographical focus of Russian exports.

The practical significance of the work lies in the fact that studying the dynamics of export reorientation is important for understanding the adaptive mechanisms of the national economy under the influence of external factors. The results of the study can be used in the development of an effective export strategy for Russia in the context of structural changes in global markets and sanctions pressure.

The Russian legal system is a dynamically developing entity. The structural elements of the Russian legal system are subject to transformational influences from a variety of objective and subjective factors. The legal system should be viewed as a collective category and a multifaceted phenomenon. The legal system encompasses all legal phenomena and legal reality at a particular stage of state development (law, legal system, legal practice, legal ideology, legal consciousness, law enforcement, and a number of other structural elements). In order to characterize the problems of interconnection and integrity, and to highlight the unity and contradictions in their components at the current stage, the author proposes to use the category of axiological factors or determinants of the theoretical development of the Russian legal system. At the current stage, special attention should be paid to studying the transformation of traditional values both at the current stage and in their historical development.

This article attempts to examine the key political and legal views (XVIII century- modern period) on the conflict of modernization and national identity in the period of Peter the Great. All elements of the Russian legal system are undergoing reform: legislation, state institutions, law enforcement, and legal awareness. The changes are based on vital needs and new challenges of socio-political development. It should be emphasized that every legal system demonstrates a desire to regulate its functioning in a spatial-temporal and civilizational coordinate system.

The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that the study of systemic theoretical provisions in the study of the Russian legal system through a historiographical analysis of the axiological determinants that affect the genesis and development of the Russian legal system allows us to take into account various negative trends, legal regulation in general, and possible violations of the legal and social balance. The scientific novelty of this study lies in the justification of the thesis that Peter's reforms were not just an administrative and technical modernization, but a fundamental cultural revolution aimed at creating a new type of political and legal consciousness. The transformation of traditional values did not occur through simple replacement with European models, but rather through a complex process of selective adaptation and synthesis of various cultural elements.

This process created a persistent contradiction in Russian society between the modernization imperatives and the need to preserve national identity, which determined the course of Russian historical development over the following centuries.

The relevance of the research topic is due to the need to study the trends in the implementation of artificial intelligence technologies in law enforcement activities aimed at finding individuals. The purpose of the study is to analyze existing technologies and practices of using artificial intelligence in operational investigative activities. In this regard, the key task is to assess the risks of using artificial intelligence technologies. The theoretical significance is presented in the systematic approach to the study and classification of artificial intelligence technologies, the need to increase attention to the development of ethical and legal standards for the use of these technologies in law enforcement. Practical significance is presented as a basis for preparing proposals to improve the legislation regulating the use of artificial intelligence technologies, as well as improving the level of professional training of employees in this area. In conclusion, the authors come to the conclusion that the survey of the implementation of artificial intelligence is an interdisciplinary study affecting legal, technical and social aspects. Improving the use of artificial intelligence requires the interaction of developers of this software with scientists and law enforcement officers to develop optimal strategies.

The article presents the relevance of the development of digital marketing in tourism in modern market conditions. The work contains an analysis of the scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists who conducted research in the development of digital technologies and their application in the tourism sector. The purpose of the study is to identify problems in the use of digital marketing tools in the field of tourism and develop proposals for their elimination. The purpose of the study is specified in its tasks: to conduct a review of the scientific literature on the declared topic of research; identify digital marketing tools and their application in tourism; provide a comparative analysis of the dynamics of use of the Telegram social network by gender and age, as well as by the characteristic features of users of the social network for the period 2022–2024; identify problems in the use of digital marketing tools in tourism, develop and substantiate proposals for their leveling. The study applied research methods – comparative descriptive, systemic, comparative analysis. The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that the developed proposals for the application of digital technologies in the tourism sector can be applied by specialists of a travel company and contribute not only to determining effective channels of communication with the target audience, but also to be competitive in the market for the provision of travel services.

The article analyzed the scientific works of domestic and foreign authors, considering the main problems and conditions for the development of enotourism in the regions. The relevance of the study lies in the fact that the development of enotourism in the wine-growing Russian regions has a positive impact, first of all, on increasing the tourist flow. Tourists have the opportunity to combine recreation with visiting wine regions, tasting wine drinks and get acquainted with the wine culture of the regions. The purpose of this study is to identify the main problems and prospects for the development of enotourism in Russia. The main tasks of the work: to determine the impact of enotourism on the development of Russian wine regions; identify the main problems and prospects for the development of enotourism in the Russian regions; analyze the volume of production and retail sales of wine products (by individual constituent entities of the Russian Federation) for 2022-2024; develop and substantiate recommendations for the development of enotourism in Russia.

The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that the developed recommendations for winemaking Russian regions can be applied by specialists in the field of enotourism; will not only increase the tourist flow and increase the recognition of the region, but also create a positive effect for the region's economy

The article analyzed the scientific works of domestic and foreign authors, considering the main problems and conditions for the development of enotourism in the regions. The relevance of the study lies in the fact that the development of enotourism in the wine-growing Russian regions has a positive impact, first of all, on increasing the tourist flow. Tourists have the opportunity to combine recreation with visiting wine regions, tasting wine drinks and get acquainted with the wine culture of the regions. The purpose of this study is to identify the main problems and prospects for the development of enotourism in Russia. The main tasks of the work: to determine the impact of enotourism on the development of Russian wine regions; identify the main problems and prospects for the development of enotourism in the Russian regions; analyze the volume of production and retail sales of wine products (by individual constituent entities of the Russian Federation) for 2022-2024; develop and substantiate recommendations for the development of enotourism in Russia.

The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that the developed recommendations for winemaking Russian regions can be applied by specialists in the field of enotourism; will not only increase the tourist flow and increase the recognition of the region, but also create a positive effect for the region's economy

The relevance of the study is due to the intensive development of academic mobility within the CIS and the need to remove legal barriers to the mutual recognition of educational documents, which is a key factor in successful integration in the Eurasian educational space. The purpose of scientific research is a comprehensive analysis of the regulatory mechanisms for the mutual recognition of documents on higher education within the Commonwealth of Independent States. To achieve this goal, the tasks were set: to identify the evolution of the regulatory framework, compare national recognition procedures in the CIS countries, and also to determine the prospects for the formation of a unified approach.

Scientific significance lies in the systematization and comparative legal analysis of the multi-level system of agreements within the CIS, which contributes to the development of the legal foundations of international educational cooperation. At the same time, the practical significance of the study lies in the development of specific proposals for the unification of procedures that can be used by relevant ministries and departments to improve legislation.

The main results presented in this article showed that, despite the existence of a number of multilateral and bilateral agreements, there is no single unified recognition mechanism in the CIS countries, and national procedures (nostrification, recognition) have significant differences. The scientific novelty of the study lies in an integrated approach to the analysis of legal regulation not only in the context of the national jurisdictions of key CIS member states, as well as in identifying a tendency to shift from the principle of equivalence to the principle of recognition. The value of a scientific article is to justify the need to develop new international legal documents to create Eurasian standards in the field of education.

The relevance of the research topic is due to the need to adapt media enterprise management strategies to the conditions of rapid digital transformation of the industry. The purpose of the study is to identify the key areas of successful transformation of the management of modern media companies in the context of digitalization of their activities. The article considers the factors that determine the need to transform management approaches: changing media consumption models, development of new technologies, increased competition. The main elements of successful media company strategies are highlighted: transition to multiplatform, investments in direct relations with the audience, implementation of flexible management models, and an approach to decision-making based on data. Particular attention is paid to the role of entrepreneurial leadership in launching innovative media projects. It is noted that in a turbulent environment, it is important for leaders to combine management and creative competencies, proactively use the capabilities of technology, and involve external stakeholders in the development of innovations. The practical value of the study is associated with the development of recommendations for media managers on the development of key competencies necessary for companies to adapt to the challenges of the digital environment. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the formation of an integrated approach to effective management of media business in the context of digital transformation based on the synthesis of strategic management and strategic leadership.

The formation of a healthy lifestyle, the involvement of the general public in physical education and sports activities, the transformation of physical activity into the norm of life is one of the directions of development of modern Russian society. It is designed to solve a number of tasks in overcoming the demographic crisis. This is reflected in the priorities of the State's social policy, in the implementation of state programs and national projects. The creation of a school sports system becomes the basis for a deep introduction of physical culture and health culture into society, starting from the level of general education. In this regard, the purpose of the study is to present the characteristics of the institutionalization of school sports by identifying the dynamics of the number of registrations of school sports clubs, the coverage of school sports leagues (based on the materials of the Republic of Tatarstan), the number of publications on the topic of school sports clubs.

The article systematizes and analyzes numerical data on the development of school sports from open electronic sources using statistical methods, the method of content analysis, and the method of qualitative analysis of documents. The dependence of the dynamics of institutionalization of school sports on the managerial decisions of the government apparatus is revealed. The peak in the number of registrations of school sports clubs in 2020 is shown and explained. The article reveals the achievement of a high level of institutionalization by school sports.

The results of the study can be used to further study the institutionalization of school sports, are recommended for use in shaping the social policy of the state at various levels of government, and for inclusion in lecture courses on the sociology of physical culture.

The development of artificial intelligence technologies in healthcare is accompanied by the emergence of new legal challenges related to security, responsibility, data protection and compliance with ethical standards. The lack of a coherent regulatory framework, fragmented regulation, and weak regulation of liability for errors in intelligent systems pose risks to patients and hinder the effective integration of artificial intelligence into clinical practice. The aim of the work is to identify problematic aspects of the legal regulation of the use of artificial intelligence in medical practice and to develop proposals for their elimination. The practical significance lies in the development of specific recommendations for regulating the turnover of medical intelligent systems, distributing the responsibility of participants, protecting medical data and ensuring information security. Significant gaps have been found in the regulation of the protection of personal medical data in the training and operation of intelligent systems. It is concluded that it is necessary to create a comprehensive legislative act or include special norms in existing laws on healthcare and personal data, develop quality and safety standards for medical intelligent systems. The study forms the basis for further legislative work in this area, focused on a balance between the development of innovation and the protection of patients' rights.

This article contains an analysis that should provide the opportunity for an expert assessment of individual trends and phenomena in Russian society against the background of its transformation overall picture, provide an understanding of the systemic nature of changes taking place and make it possible to take into account their potential social consequences.

In particular, the authors made a historical excursion with the aim of women role transformation dynamic studying in Russian society, their traditional tasks and modern challenges. The formation stages and evolution of women's professional priorities are examined in the period from the end of the 19th century to the 20s of the 21st century. The women role transformation in society and subsequent changes in their consciousness are also analyzed. A number of problems modern women are forced to face on a daily basis are highlighted. It has been revealed the optimal solution for women in modern Russian society to accept state support and maintain a proper balance between her traditional and modern functions. Modern Russian woman copes with a large number of very diverse tasks. Despite the successful solution and multifunctionality, Russian women are not drawn to modern trends, but to the traditional role fulfillment. Since there is an actualization of traditional values in Russian society, the study conducted by the authors is relevant.

The presented text is devoted to the study, systematization and integration of economic knowledge in the aspect of socio-economic experience of comprehension of the role and significance in the XXI century. The authors believe that the cultural factor has the most important role in building an adequate response to the civilizational challenge facing our country nowadays – “entering” modernity and the search for consensus values that are not the subject of political bargaining and speculation. Being a meta-category, culture ontologically possesses an internal tension due to the dialectical unity of its two beginnings: conservative (directed to the past) and creative (directed to the future). The text argues that it is the cultural phenomenon, overcoming the relations of alienation, by objectifying the reproduced cultural phenomenon in the process of social creativity, that is able to facilitate the transition from reproductive to creative labor. The extended reproduction of cultural phenomenon can be realized only taking into account the specifics of specific social relations within the framework of relevant institutions. The latter can be the so-called creative industries as a certain system, the unifying component of which is the creative component, which, along with digital platforms, form the framework of the economy of the XXI century. It seems that now creative industries are able to functionally solve the problem of formal emancipation of labor Thus, we will inevitably get a new quality of society.

The article proposes the implementation of a project to create a center of competence for high-tech developments in the field of energy, using the example of the Republic of Tatarstan. The authors analyze the situation on the regional energy market in order to identify existing problems and risk factors, and determine possible solutions.

The paper identifies the need for restructuring and modernization of the existing energy system in order to implement innovative solutions for further scaling in the energy system of the Russian Federation.

The topic of the monetary reform of 1922-1924 still leaves many questions: about the role of the People's Commissar of Finance G. Ya. Sokolnikov, about the fairness of approaches to reducing the budget deficit and limiting money emission, as well as about the subtle tools for restoring trust in the ruble as a national currency, but also as a means of international settlements. Many of these issues are relevant for the development of the domestic monetary system today, when the prospect of a multicurrency market for international settlements is approaching, where the ruble will need to take its strong position. Having defined the goal of the study as rethinking the experience of the monetary reform of 1922-1924 and searching for its useful lessons for carrying out the current reform of the monetary system of the Russian Federation, the author investigates in detail the steps of the first Soviet monetary reform in the context of recreating the elements of the national monetary system, highlighting the significance of each decision made at the government level. The article emphasizes the importance of the organizational talents and strategic thinking of G. Ya. Sokolnikov, who was able to select highly professional specialists and ensure their effective interaction in the face of tough opposition and denial of domestic and foreign experience. Basing his conclusions on published official documents of the Soviet government, transcripts and reports of contemporaries of the reform, and later studies by historians and economists, the author compares the conditions for implementing two reforms with a century-long time interval to identify the core idea of the reform – the restoration of confidence in the state national currency – around which the instruments and actions of the reformers become clear and can be implemented more effectively for all participants in economic relations. The article will be of interest to historians and economists, civil servants and scientists involved in issues of monetary regulation and state economic policy.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is driving a modern technological revolution, complicating the content of property turnover. The implementation, management, and utilization of this multifunctional technology, in addition to human actions in the fields of physics, communications, and similar areas, also depend on economic incentives in social reproduction, which are related to civil law regulation.

The purpose of this work is to attempt to determine on which civil law grounds AI can be included in economic exchange or circulation of material goods in the broadest sense of the term. The task of this publication, as seen by the author, is to establish the relationship between the concept of "artificial intelligence" and the objects of civil rights specified by the legislator in a closed list (Article 128 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation). Beginning with the question: "Can artificial intelligence be considered a new, special, composite, or in any case, a separate object?" – and answering this question in the negative, the author offers his view on the relation between AI and the objects of civil rights, concluding that AI can be viewed as a characteristic of technology or as a component of such civil law objects as a thing, computer program, trade secret, invention, or service result. Within these designations, it may be the subject of civil law contracts and transferred property.

Human goal setting plays a key role in economic development, determining the vector of activities of individuals, development of organizations and states. The article discusses some philosophical and economic aspects of human goal setting, as well as its impact on the processes of innovation, entrepreneurship and public policy.

The first part of the article analyzes the nature of human goal setting. The author emphasizes that goals are formed based on the values, needs and motivation of an individual. Collective goals emerged in society set the direction of social and economic progress. The economic aspect of goal setting is revealed through its influence on individual and corporate activities. The human aspiration to achieve material well-being, professional growth and technological development forms the basis of economic dynamics.

Special attention is paid to the role of the state in the formation of human goal setting. The author emphasizes the importance of strategic planning, educational policy and institutions aimed at the development of conscious and long-term goals of citizens and society. In conclusion, the author emphasizes the need to pay attention to the existing social norms, the importance of their comprehensive analysis, as well as social values that affect the formation of the needs of a member of society, the improvement of goal-setting mechanisms, especially in a rapidly changing economic environment.

In the legislative processes of various countries, alongside the right to propose draft laws, the right to withdraw a draft law is also a crucial element to ensure the flexibility and effectiveness of lawmaking activities. This article focuses on analyzing the procedure for withdrawing a draft law in China, including the sequence of steps, the withdrawal process, permissible circumstances for withdrawal, and the conditions under which a draft law may be removed from the legislative agenda. On that basis, the author offers recommendations for improving the legal provisions governing the right to withdraw draft laws in Vietnam’s legislative process, thereby contributing to the enhancement of the quality of lawmaking efforts.

In the legislative processes of various countries, alongside the right to propose draft laws, the right to withdraw a draft law is also a crucial element to ensure the flexibility and effectiveness of lawmaking activities. This article focuses on analyzing the procedure for withdrawing a draft law in China, including the sequence of steps, the withdrawal process, permissible circumstances for withdrawal, and the conditions under which a draft law may be removed from the legislative agenda. On that basis, the author offers recommendations for improving the legal provisions governing the right to withdraw draft laws in Vietnam’s legislative process, thereby contributing to the enhancement of the quality of lawmaking efforts.

The State's housing policy for orphaned children is constantly evolving and adapting to modern realities. There is a tendency to increase the volume of financing housing programs. New mechanisms for social housing and mortgage lending on preferential terms are being developed and implemented. The analysis of the accumulated experience allows us to annually develop new proposals for optimizing the functioning of the system.

Despite progress in the state management of housing provision for orphaned children, a number of problems and shortcomings remain, which makes it urgent to further study this issue, which are manifested in the length of waiting for the realization of housing rights of persons in this category, the provision of low-quality housing that does not meet minimum standards of safety and liveability, financial illiteracy of orphaned children and children left without parental care, when purchasing housing, fraudulent schemes, lack of transparency and accountability, which makes it difficult to identify new problems.

The purpose of the article is to identify the main problems of the existing system based on the analysis of the mechanisms of implementation of the state policy of the Russian Federation in the field of solving housing issues of orphans and children left without parental care.

The relevance of the research topic is determined by the need to improve the data access algorithm for effective data management and, as a result, ensuring the economic security of digital ecosystems. In this regard, the purpose of the study is to ensure the economic security of digital ecosystems by improving data management and interpreting the production planning problem taking into account the improved data access algorithm. To achieve this goal, the essence of the digital ecosystem concept was studied, as well as theoretical approaches to data management based on their indexing. The possibility of using the production planning problem model to reflect the relationship of the improved algorithm with economic efficiency with limited resources and increasing the economic security of digital ecosystems was determined. The scientific novelty of the work consists in defining a digital threat to economic security associated with the loss of semantic integrity of data, eliminating this threat, as well as interpreting the production planning problem model for digital ecosystems. The conducted improvement of the search algorithm for the desired tree node for effective data management determines the practical significance of the work. Based on the results of the study, an approach is proposed to improve the encoding and decoding algorithm for data for their reliable recovery and counteraction to a certain digital threat to the economic security of ecosystems. The improved algorithm is shown to be related to the model of the production planning problem for determining revenues from performing digital operations with limited resources.

The article determines the relevance of implementing a model for the implementation of high-tech developments in the energy sector, due to the existing challenges and risks in the electric power industry. The purpose of creating such a model is to integrate innovative projects for the implementation of engineering solutions in the electric grid complex.

The paper proposes a scheme for selecting innovative solutions and provides examples of the work of a technological test site and a special energy zone, which makes it possible to identify problems in the current energy system and form requirements for innovative solutions, with further implementation of tested projects in the Republic of Tatarstan and possible expansion to the country's energy system. The expected effects of implementing an innovative vector mechanism with a promising significant amount of cost savings have been determined.